Module 2: Non-Pharmacological Approaches (1.25 hours)

1. Identify various psychosocial treatment approaches for ADHD

2. Recognize how psychosocial treatment options for ADHD differ across the lifespan

3. Recommend different psychosocial interventions for ADHD depending on context (home, school, work).

1. AboutKidsHealth, about.kidshealth@sickkids.ca. ADHD and Social-Emotional Abilities – AboutKidsHealth. EmotionalAbilities.aspx. Accessed April 10, 2018.
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3. Arnold, L. Eugene, et al. “Effect of treatment modality on long-term outcomes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review.” PloS one 10.2 (2015).
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5. Bagnell, Alexa, and Jeff Q. Bostic. “Building Positive Behavior Support Systems in Schools: Functional Behavioral Assessment.| Building Positive Behavior Support Systems in Schools: Functional Behavioral Assessment, DA Crone, RH Horner (Eds.), Guilford, New York (2003), p. 171, $28.00 (softcover).” (2004): 1179-1181.
6. Biederman, Joseph, et al. “Educational and occupational under attainment in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a controlled study.” The Journal of clinical psychiatry (2008).
7. CADDRA – Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance: Canadian ADHD Practice Guidelines, 4.1 Edition, Toronto ON; CADDRA, 2020.
8. Chang, Zheng, et al. “Association between medication use for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and risk of motor vehicle crashes.” JAMA psychiatry 74.6 (2017): 597-603.
9. Daley, David, and James Birchwood. “ADHD and academic performance: why does ADHD impact on academic performance and what can be done to support ADHD children in the classroom?.” Child: care, health and development 36.4 (2010): 455-464.
10. Dalsgaard, Søren, et al. “Long‐term criminal outcome of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.” Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health 23.2 (2013): 86-98.
11. DuPaul, George J., and Gary Stoner. ADHD in the schools: Assessment and intervention strategies. Guilford Publications, 2014.
12. Egger, Helen Link, Douglas Kondo, and Adrian Angold. “The epidemiology and diagnostic issues in preschool attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review.” Infants & Young Children 19.2 (2006): 109-122.
13. Evans, Steven W., Julie Sarno Owens, and Nora Bunford. “Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.” Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 43.4 (2014): 527-551.
14. Farrelly, G. A. “ADHD: A diagnostic dilemma.” CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CME 13.10 (2001): 249-259.
15. Gollwitzer, Peter M., and Paschal Sheeran. “Implementation intentions and goal achievement: A meta‐analysis of effects and processes.” Advances in experimental social psychology 38 (2006): 69-119.
16. Hoza, Betsy. “Peer functioning in children with ADHD.” Journal of pediatric psychology 32.6 (2007): 655-663.
17. LaForett, Dore R., Desiree W. Murray, and Scott H. Kollins. “Psychosocial treatments for preschool‐aged children with attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder.” Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 14.4 (2008): 300-310.
18. Lewis, Melvin Ed. Child and adolescent psychiatry: A comprehensive textbook. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 2002.
19. Lichtenstein, Paul, et al. “Medication for attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder and criminality.” New England Journal of Medicine 367.21 (2012): 2006-2014.
20. McInnes, Alison, et al. “Listening comprehension and working memory are impaired in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder irrespective of language impairment.” Journal of abnormal child psychology 31.4 (2003): 427-443.
21. Pelham Jr, William E., and Gregory A. Fabiano. “Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.” Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 37.1 (2008): 184-214.
22. Quinn, Patrick D., et al. “ADHD medication and substance-related problems.” American journal of psychiatry 174.9 (2017877-885.
23. Robin, Arthur L. “Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescents.” Pediatric annals 31.8 (2002): 485-491.
24. Safren, Steven A. “Cognitive-behavioral approaches to ADHD treatment in adulthood.” The Journal of clinical psychiatry 67 (2006): 46-50.
25. Skirrow, Caroline, et al. “Behavioral, neurocognitive and treatment overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and mood instability.” Expert review of neurotherapeutics 9.4 (2009): 489-503.
26. Sonuga-Barke, Edmund JS, et al. “Parent-based therapies for preschool attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, controlled trial with a community sample.” Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 40.4 (2001): 402-408.
27. Sonuga-Barke, Edmund JS, et al. “Executive dysfunction and delay aversion in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: nosologic and diagnostic implications.” Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America 17.2 (2008): 367-384.
28. Staikova, Ekaterina, et al. “Pragmatic deficits and social impairment in children with ADHD.” Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 54.12 (2013): 1275-1283.
29. Surman, Craig BH, et al. “Do pharmaceuticals improve driving in individuals with ADHD? A review of the literature and evidence for clinical practice.” CNS drugs 31.10 (2017): 857-866.
30. Wender, Paul H., Lorraine E. Wolf, and Jeanette Wasserstein. “Adults with ADHD: An overview.” Annals of the New York academy of sciences 931.1 (2001): 1-16.

Feel free to post in the ‘Ask an Expert’ forum (look in the left-hand menu) with any questions regarding applying the content of this module to your own practice. You will receive a response from one of our Experts.

This program is fully funded by CADDRA – Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance, and has not received any external financial or in-kind support.

The development and planning of this learning activity was completed by an independent scientific planning committee. Content of this learning program is based on quality scientific evidence.

Dr. Elisabeth Baerg Hall
Medical Lead Vancouver Coastal Health Adult ADHD Clinic
​Vancouver Coastal Health and University of British Columbia
Board Member, CADDRA – Canadian ADHD Resource Alliance
Co-​Chair, Advocacy Committee, CADDRA

Relationships with financial sponsors
Click here for Conflict of Interest Declaration
Advisory Board, Elvium. Takeda.; Board Member and Education Committee Co-Chair, CADDRA

Any questions about navigating your course can be emailed to stacey.espinet@caddra.ca